House sparrow

The Domestic Sparrow, also known as the European sparrow or the ultramontane flounder, is one of the most common and widespread birds in Europe, easily recognized in cities and the countryside. With a length of about 15 cm and a weight of about 32 grams, this species has plumage that shows a marked difference between males and females. The adult male is distinguished by a gray apex and other more vivid coloration features, while the female and immatures have more sober, brownish plumage with less contrasting tones.

The house sparrow is a very sociable species and lives in groups of several dozen. It tends to approach humans in search of food, often making it a common guest in urban areas. Its diet is mainly granivorous, but during the summer it also does not disdain insects, grubs and other small invertebrates.

To keep itself free of pests, the house sparrow is known to take frequent soil baths.
Despite its wide distribution, the house sparrow population is declining in many parts of Europe, although the exact causes are not yet clear. On average, this species lives 5 to 6 years, but its life span can be affected by environmental factors and food availability.